Database schema and Schema diagram
In any data model, it is important to distinguish between the description of the database and the database itself. The description of a database is called a database schema, which is specified during database design and its not expected to changefrequently. Most data models have certain conventions for displaying schemas as diagrams. A displayed schema is called a schema diagram.
A schema diagram displays only some aspects of a schema, such as the names of record types and data items, and some types of contraints. Other aspects are not specified in the schema diagram.
The actual data in a database may change quite frequently. The data in the database at a paritcular moment in time is called a database state or snapshot. It is also called current set of occourences or instances in the database.
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